Does the climate in Alaska is similar to the climate of Scandinavia (Norway, Sweden and Finland)?
I don't mean if these are both cold, but also the precipitations, the vegetation (quality and quantity), etc.
Also, is another part in the world were the climate is similar to the climate of these places?
Short answer: yes.
Other similar places: none as close. Northern Canada for weather, but not for the same terrain and vegatation. Siberia (Russia) for temps but not precip.
Long Answer:
Background: Alaska is HUGE. Over twice the size of Texas. About twice the north-south range as California (and think how much CA varies in climate). And, east-to-west: if you put Ketchikan, AK on Jacksonville, FL then Attu (Aletuian Islands) would land on San Francisco. So there is a huge variety of weather in Alaska.
SE Alaska is like very north Seattle in my mind. Very cloudy, rainy, some snow, but not much as sea level. A lot like Copenhagen.
South Central AK (Anchorage, Palmer, Kenai, etc) gets extreme light (19-20 hours) in summer and short days (5 hours) in winter. Summer days of 65-75F. Winter days are often 0-15F but can be -20F or ocassionally colder. Like Stockholm and Oslo. And like metropolitian Scandinavia, the tree line is about 1000' up the mountains. And both area's coastal mountains/fjords get a LOT of snow in winter.
The north coast of both (e.g. Barrow in Alaska) is barren of trees with only mosses, lichen, and groundcovers growing. Continuous light for a few months in the summer and the reverse in winter. Permafrost to a depth of hundreds of feet. Some -40F temps every winter, sometimes to -50 or -55F.
So Yes, Scandinavia is at the same lattitude and has a similar setting of mountains by the ocean to have similar weather patterns. But both regions have huge variation north to south and from high precip areas (where mountain rise quickly near the ocean) to very low precipitation levels (on north slopes where it is too cold for the air to hold much water and in the rain shadows of large mountain ranges.
I hope that helps.
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